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Missouri bellwether
The Missouri bellwether is a political phenomenon that notes that the state of Missouri voted for the winner in all but one U.S. Presidential election from 1904 to 2004 (the exception is 1956). While states like Ohio, Iowa, Nevada, and New Mexico have been arguably stronger indicators of political trends in recent years, Missouri was a consistent swing state throughout the 20th century. Prior to the 2008 elections, Lincoln County, Missouri was said to be the only bellwether county in a bellwether state.〔(Missouri Bellwether County Undecided This Election ), an October 17, 2008 article from the NPR website〕 Missouri is also considered a bellwether of U.S. views on hot-button social issues such as stem cell research,〔(Stltoday.com ''Churches joining stem cell showdown'' )〕 gay rights,〔The Bar Association of Metropolitan St. Louis elected Bruce E. Hopson, its first openly LGBT president in 2011, see (Business Journals ).〕 and school vouchers.〔(The Heritage Foundation )〕 Some economists also consider the state a bellwether for economic trends such as consumer confidence and unemployment.〔(Business Perspectives ''The Missouri economy: an overview'' )〕
==Political history==
From 1904 to 2004, Missouri's electoral votes went to the person who became President of the United States, with one exception. In 1956 during the landslide re-election of President Dwight Eisenhower, when Missouri went to neighboring Illinois Governor Adlai Stevenson. Missouri's accuracy in voting with the national consensus includes the "too close to call" elections of 1948 (when Harry S. Truman was elected to his only full term as President), 1960, 1976, and 2000. (Although in 2000 Missouri indicated only the winner of the electoral vote, not the winner of the popular vote.)
In 2006, Missouri's bellwether status gained renewed attention because of the 2006 Senate race between incumbent Republican Senator Jim Talent and Democratic State Auditor Claire McCaskill, which was considered vital to which party controls Congress.〔(Washington Post ''President Comes to Aid of Vulnerable Senator in Missouri, Seen as Bellwether State'' )〕〔(US News and World Report ''Missouri Two-step'' )〕 Additionally, Missouri had a ballot measure, Missouri Amendment Two, regarding stem cell research that drew national attention as an indicator of mainstream sentiment towards this controversial issue.〔Pam Solo and Gail Pressberg (Stem Cell Research Is Winning Mainstream Issue in 2006 Voting )〕 On Election Day 2006, both McCaskill and Amendment 2 narrowly received majority support among Missouri voters. The victories of McCaskill and five other Democratic colleagues allowed their party to regain power in the U.S. Senate.〔Michael Gawenda (America votes for change )〕
During the 2008 presidential election, some analysts and correspondents said Missouri shows the ideological ranges for each party (e.g., liberal and moderate Democrats, evangelicals, etc.). In the primaries, the state voted for the presidential candidates who eventually secured their parties' nomination: John McCain (Republican) and Barack Obama (Democratic).
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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